LL37

LL-37
LL-37 is the only known human cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide, encoded by the CAMP gene. It is expressed in neutrophils, epithelial cells, and other immune-related tissues. LL-37 plays critical roles in host defense, immune regulation, wound healing, and cancer biology.
LL-37 modulates both innate and adaptive immune responses. It serves as a chemoattractant for neutrophils, monocytes, and T-cells through FPRL1 receptor signaling and enhances pro-inflammatory cytokine production (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8). In some contexts, it exhibits anti-inflammatory behavior.
Research has shown that LL-37 supports re-epithelialization by stimulating keratinocyte proliferation and migration, which are key processes in wound repair. Additionally, LL-37 promotes angiogenesis, facilitating vascular support in healing tissue.
LL-37 has a dual role in cancer. In some models, it promotes tumor progression by enhancing cancer cell proliferation and migration (e.g., in ovarian and lung cancers). In others, it demonstrates anti-tumor properties by inducing apoptosis and suppressing tumor growth.