2S

SS-31 (Elamipretide, Bendavia)
• Chemical Name: D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂
• Molecular Formula: C₄₁H₅₄N₁₀O₈
Mechanism of Action
• Mitochondrial Targeting: SS-31 is a mitochondria-targeting peptide that selectively accumulates in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It interacts with cardiolipin, a key phospholipid in the mitochondrial inner membrane, stabilizing the electron transport chain and improving mitochondrial function.
• Antioxidant Effects: SS-31 reduces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. This helps protect cells from oxidative damage.
• ATP Synthesis: By stabilizing the mitochondrial inner membrane, SS-31 enhances ATP synthesis, improving cellular energy production.
• Protection Against Mitochondrial Dysfunction: SS-31 prevents mitochondrial depolarization, inhibits the formation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), and reduces calcium overload, thereby protecting against mitochondrial dysfunction.